Title: Theory / Unimportant / CS / Cloud / AWS / EC2

Name: Block storage service
Definition: Storage for persisting data from a single EC2 instance
Page: https://aws.amazon.com/getting-started/fundamentals-core-concepts/?e=gs2020&p=fundoverview&p=gsrc&c=fo
Context: AWS
Example: EBS

Name: Spot instance
Definition: take advantage of unused EC2 capacity to run instances at up to a 90% discount when compared to on-demand prices
Page: https://aws.amazon.com/getting-started/fundamentals-core-concepts/?e=gs2020&p=fundoverview&p=gsrc&c=fo
Context: AWS

Name: Elastic Compute Cloud
Definition: scalable computing capacity in the Amazon Web Services (AWS) Cloud
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS
Abbreviation: EC2

Name: instance
Definition: a virtual server in the cloud, which, at initialization, is a copy of an AMI
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS

Name: Amazon Machine Image
Definition: package the bits you need for your server (including the operating system and additional software)
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS
Abbreviation: AMI

Name: An instance type
Definition: CPU,
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS
Definition2: memory,
Definition3: storage,
Definition4: networking capacity
DefType: A configuration of

Name: Instance store volume
Definition: Storage volumes for temporary data that's deleted when you stop, hibernate, or terminate your instance
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS

Name: Amazon EBS volumes
Definition: Persistent storage volumes for your data
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS

Name: Elastic Block Store
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS
Abbreviation: EBS

Name: Elastic IP addresses
Definition: Static IPv4 addresses for dynamic cloud computing
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS

Name: tags
Definition: Metadata that can be assigned to EC2 resources
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS

Name: virtual private clouds
Definition: Virtual networks you can create that are logically isolated from the rest of the AWS Cloud, and that you can optionally connect to your own network
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS

Name: Nitro card
Definition: a family of cards that offloads and accelerates IO for functions, ultimately increasing overall system performance.
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS

Name: Nitro security chip
Definition: ?
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS

Name: Nitro hypervisor
Definition: a lightweight hypervisor that manages memory and CPU allocation and delivers performance that is indistinguishable from bare metal.
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS

Name: Nitro System
Definition: the underlying platform for our next generation of EC2 instances that enables AWS to innovate faster, further reduce cost for our customers, and deliver added benefits like increased security and new instance types.
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/concepts.html
Context: AWS

Name: A spot instance
Definition: An instance that can be stopped with 2 minutes warning
Page: https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/spot/?cards.sort-by=item.additionalFields.startDateTime&cards.sort-order=asc
Context: AWS
Example: CI/CD
Example2: Big data computation (that can store intermediate result when it needs to stop)
Intuition: Alow to move computation to time where there are not-used EC2 instances
Example3: Media rendering
Example4: Web services

Name: Stopping an instance
Definition: Sending to an instance the order to stop, and being ready to restart if needed.
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-instances-and-amis.html
Context: AWS

Name: Terminate an instance
Definition: Sending to an instance the order to stop definitively
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-instances-and-amis.html
Context: AWS

Name: Burstable performance instance
Definition: a baseline level of CPU performance with the ability to burst above the baseline.
Page: https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/
Context: AWS

Name: Storage optimized
Definition: instances designed for workloads that require high, sequential read and write access to very large data sets on local storage. They are optimized to deliver tens of thousands of low-latency, random I/O operations per second (IOPS) to applications.
Page: https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/
Context: AWS
Notation: I*, D* and H*

Name: Accelerated Computing
Definition: instances that use hardware accelerators, or co-processors, to perform functions, such as floating point number calculations, graphics processing, or data pattern matching, more efficiently than is possible in software running on CPUs.
Page: https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/
Context: AWS
Notation: P*, G* and F*

Name: Memory optimized
Definition: instances are designed to deliver fast performance for workloads that process large data sets in memory.
Page: https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/
Context: AWS
Notation: R*, X*, high memory and Z*

Name: Compute optimized
Definition: Instances ideal for compute bound applications that benefit from high performance processors.
Page: https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/
Context: AWS
Notation: C*
Example: batch processing workloads, media transcoding, high performance web servers, high performance computing (HPC), scientific modeling, dedicated gaming servers and ad server engines, machine learning inference and other compute intensive applications.

Name: Generale purpose
Definition: a balance of compute, memory and networking resources, and can be used for a variety of diverse workloads
Page: https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/
Context: AWS EC2
Notation: Mac, T*, M*, A*
Example: web servers
Example2: code repositories.

Name: A fleet
Definition: A group of on demand and spot instance, with rules about when to launch/stop them
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet.html
Context: AWS EC2

Name: A spot capacity pool
Definition: a set of unused EC2 instances with the same instance type and Availability Zone
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet-configuration-strategies.html
Context: AWS EC2

Name: An instant fleet request
Definition: A request to start an entire fleet immediately. Anything requested not started is shown as a failure
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet-configuration-strategies.html
Context: AWS EC2

Name: A request fleet request
Definition: A request to start an entire fleet immediately with spot instances. Anything that is stopped due to spot interuption is not restarted
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet-configuration-strategies.html
Context: AWS EC2
Extra: not a typo 2 "request"

Name: A maintain fleet request
Definition: A request to start a fleet with spot instance and keep the request so that interupted spot instances are restarted
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet-configuration-strategies.html
Context: AWS EC2

Name: fleet
Definition: this page should be completed
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet-configuration-strategies.html
Context: AWS EC2

Name: A location
Definition: A region
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet-configuration-strategies.html
Context: AWS
Definition2: an availability zone
Definition3: a local zone
Definition4: an AWS outpost
Definition5: a wavelength zone

Name: A region
Definition: A zone, covering between an important part of a country up to a continent, and isolated to any other zone
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet-configuration-strategies.html
Context: AWS
Example: us-west-2
Denoted by: two letters for country or continent - a gographical description - a number

Name: Availability zone
Definition: An isolated location inside a region
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet-configuration-strategies.html
Context: AWS
Denoted by: region - letter

Question: How to decide which region to choose
Answer: Be close to customer
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet-configuration-strategies.html
Context: AWS
Answer2: be close to your data/other instances if they need to communicate
Answer3: Satisfy legal requirement (e.g. data remaining in europe)
Answer4: Whether the resource needed are available in that region

Name: A local zone
Definition: An extension of a region, closer to some user
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet-configuration-strategies.html
Context: AWS
Example: us-west-2-lax-1a.
Denoted by: Region code followed by an identifier that indicates the location

Name: A wavelength zone
Definition: An extension of a region, at the edge of a carrier's 5G Network
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet-configuration-strategies.html
Context: AWS
Example: us-east-1-wl1-bos-wlz-1.
Denoted by: Region code followed by an identifier that indicates the wavelength zone

Name: AWS Outpost
Definition: a fully managed service that extends AWS infrastructure, services, APIs, and tools to customer premises.
Page: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-fleet-configuration-strategies.html
Context: AWS
Intuition: build and run applications on premises using the same programming interfaces as in AWS Regions, while using local compute and storage resources for lower latency and local data processing needs.