Title: Theory / Unimportant / CS / Hardware / Computer Network - Tanenbaum / 1 - Introduction
Tags: examplesSwitchExample1 fromMath fromMathToDo list
On every note of this deck, unless a note says otherwise:
Chapter: 1

Name: Computer network
Definition: A collection of autonomous computers interconnected by a single technology.
Page: 2

Name: Interconnected computers
Definition: Computers able to exchange information
Page: 2

Name: Distributed system
Definition: Connected computers appearing as a single coherent system to the user
Page: 2

Name: middleware
Definition: A layer of software on top of the operating system
Page: 2

Name: resource sharing
Definition: make all programs, equipment, and especially data available to anyone on the network without regard to the physical location of the resource or the user.
Page: 3
Section: 1.1

Name: Server
Definition: Central computer(s) containing information for every user
Page: 4
Section: 1.1

Name: Client
Definition: Computer used locally by users to interact with the system
Page: 4
Section: 1.1

Name: Client-server model
Page: 4
Section: 1.1

Question: Uses of computer network
Answer: accessing information,
Page: 4
Chapter: 1
Section: 1.1
Answer2: communication medium
Answer3: e-commerce

Question: The value of a network is
Answer: proportional to the square of the number of users.
Page: 6
Chapter: 1
Section: 1.2
Name: Metcalfe's law

Name: Instant messaging
Definition: System for people to type messages at each other in real time
Page: 8
Section: 1.2
Extra: chat ?

Name: Wiki
Definition: Collaborative website that members of a community can edit
Page: 8
Section: 1.2

Name: IP TeleVision
Definition: Television whose distribution is based on IP
Page: 8
Section: 1.2
Abbreviation: IPTV

Name: Voice over IP
Definition: Phone using internet
Page: 5
Section: 1.1
Name2: IP Telephony
Abbreviation: VoIP

Name: Radio Frequency Identification
Definition: Passive chips, stamp-sized, activated by reader, meters away
Page: 10
Section: 1.2
Abbreviation: RFID

Name: Mobility
Definition: The capacity to move the computer
Page: 11
Section: 1.3

Name: Wireless
Definition: The capacity to access the network without wires
Page: 11
Section: 1.3

Name: Text messages
Definition: Short message carried from phones to phones by cellular network
Page: 12
Section: 1.3
Name2: Short message service

Name: Smart phone
Definition: A computer phone
Page: 12
Section: 1.3

Name: Global positionning system
Definition: System allowing a device to know its current location.
Page: 12
Section: 1.3
Abbreviation: GPS

Name: mobile commerce
Definition: Using mobile to authorize payments using short text messages
Page: 12
Section: 1.3
Abbreviation: m-commerce

Name: Near Field Communication
Definition: System allowing to read RFID
Page: 12
Section: 1.3
Abbreviation: NFC

Name: Near Field Communication
Definition: A network mades of nodes that gather and wirelessly relay information they sense about the state of the physical world.
Page: 13
Section: 1.3
Abbreviation: NFC

Name: Wearable computers
Definition: A (small) computer worn by the user
Page: 13
Section: 1.3

Name: Electronic mail
Page: 5
Section: 1.1
Abbreviation: email

Name: Net neutrality
Definition: communications that are not differentiated by their content or source or who is providing the content
Page: 14
Section: 1.1

Name: Cookies
Definition: small files that Web browsers store on users’ computers
Page: 14
Section: 1.1

Name: Botnet
Definition: pool of compromised machines.
Page: 16
Section: 1.1

Name: Phishing
Definition: A message which masquerade as originating from a trustworthy party, for example, your bank, to try to trick you into revealing sensitive information, for example, credit card numbers
Page: 16
Section: 1.1

Name: CAPTCHA
Definition: a computer asks a person to solve a short recognition task
Page: 16
Section: 1.1
Example: typing in the letters shown in a distorted image, to show that they are human
Example2: recognizing pictures with some object

Name: Turing test
Definition: Test in which a person asks questions over a network to judge whether the entity responding is human.
Page: 16
Section: 1.1

Question: The two dimensions by which a network is described
Answer: scale
Page: 17
Chapter: 1
Section: 2
Answer2: technology used

Name: Unicasting
Definition: Point-to-point transmission with exactly one sender and exactly one receiver
Page: 17
Section: 2
Context: Network

Name: Broadcast network
Definition: A network where every machine receive every message.
Page: 17
Section: 2
Example: shouting in a crowd

Name: Broadcasting
Definition: Sending a message to every element of the network
Page: 17
Section: 2

Name: Internetwork
Definition: Connection of two or more networks
Page: 17
Section: 2

Name: Personal area network
Definition: Networks of machines whose distance is a meter.
Page: 17-19
Section: 2, 2.1
Example: computer, with its keyboard, mouse, printer...
Example2: Pacemaker
Abbreviation: PAN
Example3: RFID

Name: Local area network
Definition: a privately owned network that operates within and nearby a single building like a home, office or factory
Page: 17, 19-
Section: 2
Example: campus, building
Abbreviation: LAN

Name: Metropolitan area network
Definition: Networks of machines whose distance is less than 10 km
Page: 17
Section: 2
Example: cable television networks
Abbreviation: MAN

Name: Wide area network
Definition: Networks whose scale is a country or a continent
Page: 17
Section: 2
Abbreviation: WAN

Name: Master-slave paradigm
Definition: The fact that some system of a network have control over some other.
Page: 18
Section: 2.1
Example: Computer is a master of printer

Name: bluetooth
Definition: A wireless system to connect component in order to make them work together
Page: 18
Section: 2.1
Example: Connect headset to mobile phone

Name: Enterprise network
Definition: LAN used by companies
Page: 18
Section: 2.1

Name: Access Point
Definition: A central machine, allowing multiple other machine to connect wirelessly to it, and then to a wired network
Page: 18
Section: 2.1
Name2: Wireless router
Abbreviation: AP
Name3: Base station

Name: WiFi
Definition: Most popular wireless LAN standard
Page: 18
Section: 2.1
Name2: IEEE 802.11

Name: bit per second
Abbreviation: bps
Chapter: 1
Page: 202
Section: 2.2
s: -1
Other fields (not shown on cards):
SI types: bit/s

Question: Interest of bounding the size of LAN ?
Answer: It bounds the delay size of worst-case transmission time
Page: 20
Chapter: 1
Section: 2.2

Name: Ethernet
Definition: the most common type of wired LAN
Page: 20
Section: 2.2
Name2: IEEE 802.3

Name: Switch
Definition: A central machine, which relay packets between computers that are attached to it, using the address in each packet to determine which computer to send it to.
Page: 20
Section: 2.2

Name: port
Definition: a physical location in which a computer can be plugged
Page: 20
Section: 2.2
Context: Switch

Name: Virtual LAN
Definition: A logical LAN occurring in another LAN
Page: 21
Section: 2.2
Abbreviation: VLAN

Name: Host
Definition: Machine used by a user
Page: 24
Section: 2.4

Name: Communication subnet
Definition: The machine used to allow host machine to communicate
Page: 24
Section: 2.4
Context: Network
Abbreviation: subnet