Title: Pratique / Instrument / Ocarina / Transverse / Dexterity / Vibrato for Beginners: Adding Expression to the Sound

Name: Vibrato
Definition: fluctuation or “waves” in musical sound created by a performer.
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Question: When do ocarina player uses vibrato
Answer: The use of vibrato should never be automatic; instead, the performer should have the control and knowledge to choose when to use vibrato in a piece of music
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Question: Characteristics of a vibrato
Answer: width/amplitude
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Answer2: Speed

Question: Where is vibrato created
Answer: Vibrato is created inside the body in the throat area by an acceleration and deceleration of air speed, not by moving other parts of the body or instrument
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Context: Ocarina

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Name: The first and last notes of each line should always be played with a straight tone (without vibrato).

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Name: Now practice changing the speed of the vibrato in each measure. Begin slowly, then speed up the metronome until you reach 80

Index: 6
Name: Now, practice the following scales and vocalises (melodies) with free, unmeasured
vibrato. Remember to vary the speed and amplitude of the vibrato, keep the air and
vibrato moving when he fingers change, and avoid nanny-goat vibrato (vibrato so fast it
sounds like nervousness).

Name: nanny-goat vibrato
Definition: vibrato so fast it sounds like nervousness
Index: 6

Index: 6
Name: Giuseppe Concone. Op. 9

Name: Aura Lee George R. Poulton (1828-1876)
adding vibrato only on the longer notes, such as the half notes in Aura Lee

Name: Pie Jesu, Gabriel Fauré
Add vibrato on the half notes and dotted quarter notes in Pie Jesu.

Name: Morning Has Broken, trad. Scottish
In addition to vibrating on the dotted half notes and dotted quarter notes in
Morning Has Broken, consider adding vibrato to the first note of each measure.By
adding a small amount of vibrato to the first note of each measure, the player can
emphasize the waltz-like nature of the 9/8 time signature.

Name: All the Pretty little Horses
Trad. American
add vibrato to the first note of each measure in All the Pretty
Little Horses to help emphasize the first note (downbeat) of each measure.

Name: Barcarolle (from The Tales of Hoffmann)
Jacques Offenbach (1819-1880)
add vibrato to the quarter notes in each measure, which helps to emphasize beats one and two (or one and four if counting in 8th notes).

Name: Morning (from Peer Gynt Suite No. 1 Op. 46)
Edvard Grieg (1843-1907)
Add very light vibrato to Morning, which Grieg composed to depict
the rising sun.

Name: Pavane Op. 50, Gabriel Fauré
Vibrato for Fame's Pavane should be light and narrow in amplitude (width).
The vibrato should not distract from the walking character of a pavane. The pavane,
traditionally from the 16th century Italian court, is a slow, processional style ot dance.

Name: Finlandia (Be Still, My Soul)
Jean Sibelius (1865-1957)
Dynamics are difficult on the ocarina and often times it is more noticeable to use
a change in vibrato to indicate a change in dynamic or phrasing. An increase in the
speed of vibrato can be used to replicate a crescendo, and a slower, narrower vibrato
can be used for decrescendos.

Name: Symphony No. 9-"New World” Antonin Dvorak (1841-1904)
As more sixteenth notes are added, make sure to focus on creating a long
phrase (four measures long) with the sound. It is unneccesaiy to use vibrato on every
sixteenth note in the Symphony No. 9 and The Last Rose of Summer. (Vibrating on every
single note will come across more as nervousness than musicality).

Name: The Last Rose of Summer
John Stevenson (1761-1833)
As more sixteenth notes are added, make sure to focus on creating a long
phrase (four measures long) with the sound. It is unneccesaiy to use vibrato on every
sixteenth note in the Symphony No. 9 and The Last Rose of Summer. (Vibrating on every
single note will come across more as nervousness than musicality).

Name: Panis Angelicus, César Franck
In these final two melodies, strive for a beautiful, singing sound with vibrato to help give direction to the long phrases.

Name: The Swan, Camille Saint-Saëns